Insights

One publication. Many difficult questions.

Technical articles, research, engineering notes, and professional analysis about intelligent systems and the real engineering required to make them useful.

Topics describe what an idea is about. Formats describe what kind of piece it became.

  • ergodic time averages cover
    article
    From the law of large numbers to Mamba-based telemetry analysis and human trial-and-error, the value of repetition depends on what the process lets us observe.

    Ergodic theory explains when one long trajectory can reveal a system’s statistical truth—and why data volume alone cannot guarantee learning.

  • image.png
    article
    A practical guide to tokenization and embeddings, covering BPE, WordPiece, Unigram, SentencePiece, word2vec, GloVe, fastText, contextual Transformers, and modern retrieval models.

    Tokenization breaks text into model-readable units. Embeddings place those units—or entire passages—into learned numerical spaces. Here is how the major approaches work and why the distinction matters.

  • agentic engineering discipline
    article
    A practical guide to agentic engineering for DevOps practitioners, covering harness, context, prompts, RAG, memory, tools, control loops, sandboxes, guardrails, observability, and evaluation.

    The model may supply the reasoning, but the harness makes an agent operational. Here is how prompt, context, runtime, tools, memory, safety, and observability fit together—and why the stack should feel familiar to DevOps engineers.